Effect of Plasma Rich in Growth Factors on the Healing of Intrabony Defects in Human: A Comparative Clinical Trial

Background and aims. A combination of guided tissue regeneration (GTR), bovine porous bone mineral (BPBM), and platelet rich plasma has been already applied for the regeneration of intrabony defects. The aim of this study was to determine the role of plasma rich in growth factor (PRGF) alone in the periodontal regeneration of intrabony defects in humans as compared with BPBM/GTR Technique. Materials and methods. In this split-mouth clinical trial, nine advanced periodontal patients with 20 intrabony defects were randomly treated with a combination of either BPBM/GTR (control) or PRGF (test). Periodontal parameters including gingival recession, probing depth (PD), gingival index (GI), plaque index (PI), and relative clinical attachment level (CAL) were evaluated at baseline and 6 months post-operatively. Results. No difference was observed at baseline between the two groups. At 6-month post-treatment, both techniques demonstrated significant reduction in CAL, PD and GI. The mean pocket depth reduction in control group was 4.1 ± 1.52 mm and 4.5 ± 1.5 mm on buccal and lingual sites, respectively (P < 0.0001); and 3.6 ± 0.9 mm in the test group. The changes in CAL in the deepest part of the defect were 3.06 ± 1.79 mm and 2.33 ± 0.78 mm for test and control groups, respectively. No statistically significant difference was detected between the two groups after 6 months. Conclusion. According to the results, the use of PRGF alone, similar to BPBM/GTR improves clinical parameters and plays a significant role in PD reduction and CAL gain.